Friday, January 24, 2020

Penguin Books: Introduction To Modern Business :: essays research papers fc

Penguin Books: Introduction to Modern Business The aim of this essay is to comment on how, over the last six years Penguin Books Limited has grown and managed external and internal changes. Sixty one years ago, Allen Lane, the managing director of the Bodley Head, a British publishing company, revolutionised reading with the introduction of the first ten Penguin paperbacks. Today, over 600 million paperbacks are sold yearly. At a time when there was still little of entertainment, paperback books brought reading to the masses. Nowadays, paperback books bring reading to the world. During the last six years (1990-1996) Penguin Books Limited was faced with many "environmentalist pressures," with a continuous change inside the company, and competitors trying to imitate its successful innovations on both sides of the Atlantic. The major achievement in 1990 was the introduction of a new computer system into several parts of the Company. The Credit Control department was the first area and Stock Management, Invoicing Systems, Warehousing, Distribution and Sales Services followed. Now the whole of the Company's systems are incorporated and networked. During this period a new lists including the Twentieth Century Classics Series complementing the Penguin Classics, Arkana, the New Age list and Fantail, the mass-market children's list were introduced. Internal change that took place during that year was the closing down of the Penguin Bookshops (that expanded to include 12 shops during the last decade), leaving just one, the specialist Beatrix Potter "House of the Tailer of Gloucester", within the Group. This change took place due to the fact that the Company was conscious that it had to concentrate on the publishing rather than on the retail. This decision brought a successful completion of a management buy-out of the shops. This action also compensated the loss that the Company faced in august 1991, when Pearson (an international enterprise quoted on the London Stock Exchange with major media interests including many well-known names apart from Penguin, such as Longman, Pitman, Addison Wesley, the Financial Times, Westminster Press, Mindscape, Thames TV and Madame Tussauds) announced pre-tax profits of Pounds 40.7m for the first half of 1991- a drop of 58 per cent on the same period of 1990. In this period books fell from a trading profit of Pounds 2.1m to a loss of Pounds 13.4m with Penguin losing Pounds 8m. In the following two years no major changes have been recorded. Although, 1993 was generally a successful year for all Penguin group companies. Penguin UK had produced a strong programme including some major best sellers and agreed to a joint venture with the BBC for mass market paperbacks and film deals with two

Thursday, January 16, 2020

Euthyphro

Analysis of Euthyphro Nikon121 PHI 200 Bob Harris October 15, 2012 Analysis of Euthyphro Socrates was put to death in Athens for subverting the youth of the city. He was indicted by Meletus and awaiting his trail on the porch of the King of Archon when he met Euthyphro. It was at this point he engaged in a debate about piety. In this paper, I will examine that debate and present my own conclusion about its purpose as well as my own definition of piety. Holiness, or piousness, is the center of the conversation between Socrates and Euthyphro.Both of the men met on the porch of the King to deal with a legal matter; Socrates the defendant and Euthyphro the plaintiff. Socrates was being charged with impiety, and Euthyphro was bringing charges against his father for murdering a servant. When Socrates heard of the nature of Euthyphro’s case, he concluded that Euthyphro must have understood the nature of impiety and piety. Since Socrates was being persecuted for a lack of piety, he be gan a conversation to understand the nature of piety and impiety. In the dialogue, six different definitions of piety were given and refuted by Socrates through Socratic questioning.Socratic questioning has three main goals: to challenge assumptions and self-proclaimed experts, discover a deeper understanding, and apply rational standards critically. Each of the six definitions failed to stand up to the Socratic questioning, and in the end we are left even more confused about what piety really is. The first definition of piety given by Euthyphro was that it was doing what he was doing, and any other similar acts (Plato & Jowett). This was easily refuted by Socrates as he had asked for a clear standard from which to judge all acts, and Euthyphro had given examples only.Piety is that which is dear to the gods, and impiety is that which is not dear to them is the next definition given by Euthyphro (Plato & Jowett). Piety and impiety are clear opposites, so one act cannot be both. Howev er, by this definition, since there were many gods, it is possible for an act to be both pious and impious. The gods often disagreed in many old stories, so if one god held an act to be dear it was possible another would hate it. This would make an act pious and impious, which is a contradiction.After his above point was refuted, Euthyphro modified his point to read that holiness is what all the gods love and the opposite was hated by all of them (Plato & Jowett). This definition is a bit harder to refute, but it definitely falls short of giving a clear standard from which to judge all acts. This definition fails to show the nature of piety. It says the gods love piety but it does not clearly explain why. There has to be a reason that the gods love piety, and without that reason piety seems to become relativist concept. I think this definition just gives a characteristic of piety.The next definition given is that holiness is part of justice that is concentrated on by the gods (Plato & Jowett). Socrates uses examples of people attending to lesser beings for the sake of improving them, and shows that this is impossible with gods since they are beings above us. The word attending defeats this definition. This leads to another unclear definition that suggests that people somehow improve the gods, which we know from the concept of a god is impossible: holiness is that part of justice devoted to service or ministration to the gods; it is learning how to please them with words or deeds (Plato & Jowett).The last definition given by Euthyphro, before he runs off leaving more questions than answers, is piety is the art or science that gods and men use to do business with each other (Plato & Jowett). This definition falls short in that it does not clearly show the benefit gained by the gods in this perceived business deal. It only seems to suggest that they find the act pleasing, which seems to lead back to the third definition. This definition commits a common fallacy t ermed Begging the Question. It defines pious as being pious because it is pious, which is not much of an answer.Socrates goal in this conversation is to understand piety, so that he can defend himself in his hearing. However, I believe that this piece has a deeper goal that belonged to Plato. It seemed that he wished to expose piety for the sham that it is to shame those that executed Socrates. I believe this because before Socrates was executed he asked that a goat be sacrificed to the god of medicine. I believe this showed that he believed in an afterlife, which indicates belief in the gods. I believe that this dialogue did not actually happen and was simply written by Plato after the death of his teacher.I think this is shown through the nature of the character of Euthyphro. He was a self-proclaimed expert on piety, as most piety experts are, and he failed to have an intelligent response to any question posed by Socrates. After failing miserably to give a satisfactory answer, he ran off. I believe this demonstrates that Plato was using this piece to put piety itself on trial. I am not a very stout believer in holiness so I can only think of a way to modify one of Euthyphro’s existing definitions to explain it.I believe a clear explanation of piety would have been to say that the gods’ love makes acts pious. This gives an explanation of why certain acts are pious, but it still does not give the nature of piousness. Socrates may have questioned why the gods loved the acts, as the reason the gods loved them would be a clearer answer than the fact that the gods’ love made the acts pious. If that answer is missing this definition also seems the follow the last definition of Euthyphro. It would seem to say that pious acts are pious because the gods love them, which is baseless and arbitrary.I believe no one thinks that moral claims are baseless so this definition would also fall short of Socrates expectations. There is no definition about why acts are pious, because pious acts are determined by men and attributed to God. Men have created God and said that he has given out certain principles, but the real reason that these acts were determined right or wrong are lost in the annuals of time. At some point, some community labeled certain acts right and wrong; perhaps nature built it into us, but nature is accepting of killing one’s own kind so this also falls short as an explanation.The reality is that the concepts of what are right and wrong were decided by early humans and adopted by society as a whole. The concept of religion furthered those beliefs of right and wrong until they became widespread. These beliefs today have become such an integral part of what we are that we fail to realize that these morals may not be right. If early humans had decided differently, and early religion adopted those views, we would have an entirely different set of morally right and wrong concepts.We would also view those concepts a s being undeniably right, and view the opposites as impossibly incorrect. However, killing one’s own kind is something that happens in nature with very little impact, so our moral code is still very open for debate as is piousness and its origins. References Mosser, K. (2010). Philosophy: A concise introduction. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc Plato, & Jowett, B. (n. d. ). Euthyphro. Project Gutenberg. Retrieved from http://www. gutenberg. org/ebooks/1642

Wednesday, January 8, 2020

College And Achieve A Better Education And Career

Let s go to college and achieve a better education and career. What we do not know is that in order for us to achieve this we need to pay for college. There are several options, which could be: loans, scholarships, or be rich. Nearly all students who attend college have some form of loans. We all believe it will be easy to pay them (loans) off once we finish college and get a good paying job. In most cases this does not happen and interest rates begin to stockpile, you will be paying extra including the money that was borrowed. According to the National Education Center for Statistics in the fall of 2015 approximately 20.2 million students are expected to attend college, this has increased by 4.9 million since the year 2000. â€Å"Americans owe nearly $1.3 trillion in student loan debt, spread among about 43 million borrowers. In fact, the average Class of 2016 graduate has $37,172 in student loan debt, up six percent from last year.† How do we minimize student loan debt in A merica? Many people assumed that once they earn a degree they will be able to attain a high paying job and be able to pay off their loan quickly and easily. In many cases this is not the way it works, people need to gain experience and work their way up to a higher salary. This can take years and their loans will only acquire a higher principal. They soon will be paying considerably more than they initially received. This can be an explanation as to why students take a considerably long time paying theirShow MoreRelatedWhy Is College Important?900 Words   |  4 PagesKien La Prof.Russell ESL-301 Why College is Important Education is always a famous topic for students to talk about, they should understand deeply that how education is playing a big role in their life. Allan Bloom claims that Education is the movement from darkness to light. In other words he is saying that education is the key to opening a better future. 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Many people do not know the meaning or objective to have a college education because they do not consider important factor when it comes to make an important choice in this case, your career. Today in America the purpose of a college education can be interpretive in different ways and meaning depending on the position of each person in the articles,â€Å"Post-College Success Not All About the Mon ey† and â€Å"Higher Education and the â€Å"AmericanRead MoreThe Relation Between Education and the Quality of Life1263 Words   |  6 PagesDan Rather once held the assumption that â€Å"A college degree is the key to realizing the American dream, well worth the financial sacrifice because it is supposed to open the door to a world of opportunity† (Dan Rather Quote). With today’s rough economic conditions, social mobility and the quality of life are controversial topics that have many different theories. Some people believe that increasing social mobility can be done in a variety of different ways, while others think achieving this mobilityRead MoreThe Initiative Of The Pathways Programs Essay874 Words   |  4 Pagesstudents and adults achieve a college bond high school diploma or equivalent, and technical skills that will build a career and educational pathway. Community Colleges work toward â€Å"partnerships with K-12 schools, the private sector, gov ernment, higher education and other entities as one cohesive unit,† preparing students for industry occupations and furthering educational opportunities for students. (Campbell, 2012) These benefits go beyond the individual affecting the colleges, communities and workforce

Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Substituting Baking Powder and Baking Soda

Holiday baking can be more of a challenge if you discover all your baking soda got used up for baking soda volcanoes and invisible ink. If you have baking powder, it will save you a trip to the store because you can use it in place of baking soda. If your problem is being out of baking powder, you can make your own using baking soda and cream of tartar. Heres how to make the substitutions: Using Baking Powder Instead of Baking Soda You need to use 2 to 3 times more baking powder than baking soda. The extra ingredients in the baking powder will have an effect on the taste of whatever you are making, but this isnt necessarily bad.Ideally, triple the amount of baking soda to equal the amount of baking powder. So, if the recipe called for 1 tsp baking soda, you would use 3 tsp baking powder.Another option is to  use twice the amount of baking powder as baking soda (add 2 tsp of baking powder if the recipe calls for 1 tsp baking soda), then omit the salt (which adds flavor but also affects rising in some recipes). Making Baking Powder You need baking soda and cream of tartar to make baking powder.Mix 2 parts cream of tartar with 1 part baking soda. For example, mix 2 tsp cream of tartar with 1 tsp baking soda.Use the amount of baking powder called for by the recipe. No matter how much homemade baking powder you made, if the recipe calls for 1-1/2 tsp, add exactly 1-1/2 tsp of your mixture.Cream of tartar is used to increase the acidity of a mixture. So, you cant switch baking soda for baking powder. You can switch baking powder for baking soda, just expect the flavor to change a little. If you interested in understanding more about cooking chemistry, you may be interested to learn why copper bowls are better for whipping egg whites or the real reason eating a big turkey dinner makes you feel like taking a nap.

Monday, December 23, 2019

Confronting Heternormativity With Carl Wittmann - 858 Words

Confronting Heternormativity with Carl Wittmann American rhetoric about LGBT+ issues underwent major changes in the late 60s and early 70s. While for years homophile groups such as the Mattachine Society dominated queer rhetoric, in 1969 Carl Wittman’s â€Å"Gay Manifesto† redefined the LGBT+ rights movement’s voice and goals (380). Using shocking language, his authority as a gay man, and emotional appeals to his queer audience, Wittman and his â€Å"Gay Manifesto† utilized a confrontational, liberationist tone to communicate his views on sexual identity and heteronormative culture. While opponents may argue that Wittman’s profane language and emotional appeals weaken his argument and alienate the audience, his rhetorical choices prove perfect for engaging queer readers. Wittman’s â€Å"Gay Manifesto† spoke to queer people and offered a new perspective in LGBT+ rhetoric. Profane and shocking word choice helps drive Wittman’s confrontational and liberationist stanc e on LGBT+ issues. As authors Madeline Davis and Elizabeth Kennedy support in â€Å"Oral History and the Study of Sexuality in the Lesbian Community,† American queer rights movements became more critical and liberationist in the 70s (426). Wittman’s piece provides clear evidence of this tone change. By describing topics such as â€Å"exclusive heterosexuality† and interactions between males and females as â€Å"fucked up,† Wittman unabashedly confronts heteronormative culture and endorses queer peoples’ liberation from

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Medical Marijuana Good or Bad Free Essays

On April 14, 2011, I read an article in the New York Times that read Pat Robertson Questions Prison for Pot Convictions. (Shear) The article had caught my eye because of who Pat Robertson is and how you wouldn’t think he would be for the legalization of Marijuana. I would have to agree with what Pat goes on to say and how I feel a lot of it makes sense. We will write a custom essay sample on Medical Marijuana: Good or Bad? or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"I’m not exactly for the use of drugs, don’t get me wrong, but I just believe that criminalizing marijuana, criminalizing the possession of a few ounces of pot, that kind of thing, it’s just, it’s costing us a fortune and it’s ruining young people,† Mr. Robertson said. Young people go into prisons; they go in as youths and come out as hardened criminals. That’s not a good thing. † That is what Pat Robertson, the televangelist who once ran for president, said on his show â€Å"The 700 Club† while mentioning how thought marijuana being legalized can be a good thing. I am a 41 year old wife and mother who has had her fair share of life experiences. My past experiences include using marijuana from time to time when I was younger. I never became an avid user and only remember having a good time when I used. I distinctively remember how its effects relaxed me more and put me more at ease. Unfortunately, prison and jail are also in my past experiences and that’s where I have to agree with Mr. Robertson and what he says in this article. I do believe that people being put in jail and prisons for minor marijuana charges is doing nothing but costing us millions in dollars in prosecuting them and subjecting these people to offenders who are there for much more dangerous offenses. My marijuana use and jail time had nothing to do with one another. I was sentenced for something wrong that I had done and was rightfully sentenced for that crime. I took it very serious and did what needed to be done to get back home and start over. If it’s not taken seriously and it’s not used as a positive stepping stone it can be very easy to get caught up with the wrong people and negative drama that jail brings and the bad things good people can learn and take with them when released. Each year, some 750,000 Americans are arrested for possession of small amounts of marijuana. Is that really what we want our police force to focus on? I am not a Cannabis activist, but the real truth is, I would much rather have pot in bars than alcohol any day. I am so tired of the fights that break out or all the DUI’s that people get all the time. In most my research, I haven’t found any real statistics on how marijuana poses the same result? Alcohol, which can cause one to become violent and even cause death does not compare with marijuana, where one can’t OD or cause death by over-intoxication. A spokesperson for Mr. Robertson goes on to say that Mr. Robertson did not intend to suggest support for the legalization of marijuana, but rather to question the severity of how our government punishes those who use or possess a small amount of the drug. Sarah Palin, who is against the legalization of marijuana, has said how she feels that our police force shouldn’t spend a lot of time hunting down these offenders. The drug policy that our government currently holds also plays a significant role in creating crime and empowering gangs. â€Å"The only groups that benefit from continuing to keep marijuana illegal are the violent gangs and cartels that control its distribution and reap immense profits from it through the black market†. That is what a group of current and former police officers, judges, and prosecutors wrote last month in an open letter to voters in California. Kristof) I would have to agree with that statement wholeheartedly. I strongly feel that if marijuana was legalized it would cease some of the violent and criminal activity in society. Legalizing marijuana for medical use is a huge debate within Americans and our government here in the United States. There are 15 states that allow medical marijuana to be distributed legally to its consumers. Here is a list of some of the medical issues that can be helped by the use of marijuana: * Pain Relief ( all types of Pain one might have) * Increases appetite (Cancer) * Decreased Nausea (AIDS/Cancer) Muscle relaxation (Multiple Sclerosis/Epileptic Seizures) * Enhances mood and senses (Depression and anxiety) * Encourages drowsiness and sleep (Multiple Sclerosis, Depression, Cancer and more) These are only some of the many medical issues that can be improved and benefited by the medicinal use of Marijuana. (Uddin/Hurd) After reading all the great ways marijuana can help someone when suffering from a medical problem makes you wonder why more states haven’t joined in on legalizing it. There is more evidence in backing up the pro than the con side of this litigation. I now want to introduce to you, Don Lisk, 57, and Sarah Baugh, both from Montana and both being prescribed medical marijuana for medicinal purposes, tell us of their experiences. In short, Don suffers from chronic back pain he has had for 20 years and tells us marijuana dulls the back pain enough to let him sleep better at night. He also says how pot takes the edge off the pain and he doesn’t suffer the withdrawal he experiences with the opiates such as Lortab. Sarah Baugh, 25, of Billings suffered 12 seizures a day while taking 14 medications that cost $2,000 a month. By using marijuana, she weaned herself off most of her medications and now takes just a small dose of anti-seizure medication. Baugh trimmed her drug costs from $2,000 to less than $600 a month. She dropped 150 pounds, lost the tremors and seizures. (weedblog. com) I have come to find out that marijuana can be used to produce green fuel for autos. How, because of its root structure, it makes the best erosion control. The oils from the seeds can be great for cooking. Just some other ways that marijuana can benefit within our society. I strongly agree that medical marijuana should be legalized and I also agree that marijuana use can be made safe and profitable for all parties involved. The economy would benefit by adding revenue and tax money. By providing it in a safe and regulated way it benefits those who need medical relief, and last but not least it would benefit society by allowing police to concentrate on more violent crimes and criminal activity. The only true losers to the legalization and decriminalization of marijuana are those who stand to make great deals of money from the illegal sales of pot and the transportation of it into the United States. How to cite Medical Marijuana: Good or Bad?, Papers

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Management of the Dorquay Hotel Samples for Students-Myassignment

Questions: 1.Discuss how the Management of the Dorquay Hotel could have estimated the Occupancy rate. 2.Do you think Mr Smith should take the trip? Outline any Ethical Concerns involved. 3.Would you recommend the Change proposed. Answers: 1.There is no similar static rate for an occupancy rate of the hotel. Clearly, occupancy of rooms refers to the number of times a room is booked or sold to the visitor (room occupied) in a specified period of time, as compared to the highest times a room is occupied. The number is expressed in terms of percentage. In a situation where the establishment of each and every room are shared and at the same time estimation is done, then the occupancy of room in an establishment as a while can be calculated. Any variation seen in the calculation process is the bed-night occupancy. Further, the calculation gives consideration on the availability of beds-number in every room. Dorquay Hotel could have estimated the occupancy rate by dividing the total number occupied rooms in their hotel by the available one by 100 times. For this aspect, they might have considered their past experience, previous statistics, seasonal factors and trend in the market[1]. On the basis of these factors; data for computation has been gathered by the hotel to determine their occupancy rates. 2.Acceptance of offer No, Mr Smith should not accept the complete offer as it is kind of bribe salesperson is trying to offer Erle Smith as his decision can provide an absolute advantage to the vendor. Bribery is considered as intolerable aspect all around the world. Indeed, in general, every country knows that bribery is a disgraceful act in itself. Individuals accepting bribes do not ever say that they have accepted such bribe as these are an illegal and unethical for the benefit to oneself. Accepting gifts is a part where someone is accepting a favour from another and can further create the thinking of too much influence[3]. A gift is a thing given happily having no hopes of returns, and a bribe is something offered in the expectation of benefit. However; accepting the gift of a free family trip to Los Angeles might be a severe business breach or contravene to ethics, or maybe a law violation. Hence, it is illegal to accept bribes or invitations like free family trip Losas theintentis to buy favour. Advantages and disadvantages of employee code of conduct In general, code of ethics is good for Practical Solutions Ltd, as it establishes standards and interest for managers while ensuring viable and feasible terms in professional conduct. Code of ethics also creates a process of discipline easier when there is the emergence of unethical conduct[4]. Making use of code constructs a professional rooftop, ethical and positive working environment, however ignoring it can lead to distrust and contradiction. Employees could abuse codes when they apply it to involve grudges and private agendas like condemning subordinates they dislike of working against the code. Employees could do abuse of code by condemning employees failing to the meet the standards regarding permanence measures, even if it is appropriately complied by employees. Integration and values must be boosted by the cited code. Code of ethics is not a comprehensive regulatory standard. It does not even describe the needs to come up to an ethical conclusion. In case employees are not known to this limitation, they consider that there is authenticity in the values and standards because it is not defined by the code. Self-awareness and training programs must be held ensuring that queries must be put if any of the employees are unaware or unclear of the code of ethics. Factors to be considered in developing employee code of conduct Practical Solution Ltd should consider following aspects for the development of their code of ethics; first is values that mean the performance of the company in a daily basis, the major aim of the code of ethics to ensure clear and definite value regarding all interaction, activities and operations of the business. Next are principles, which are a support pillar for the values of business and are required to be followed by each and every member of the organization. Management support of principles and values must also comply in the code of ethics. One other significant component is the responsibility and duty to maintain the code of ethics that means meeting the terms of code ethical and authentically. Last is compliance with the rules and regulations in the daily operations of the business. 3. Profit in existing circumstance Selling price $60 Less: Variable manufacturing cost $28 Less: Variable marketing and distribution costs $12 Contribution $20 =35000 units *$20-$490,000 =$210000 Profit if proposal is accepted Selling price $60 Less: Variable manufacturing cost $28 Less: Variable marketing and distribution costs $16 Contribution $16 =35000 units*$16-$410,000 =$150000 Units to be sold to recover same profit Contribution margin has been reduced due to increased variable costs, and same is $16 To achieve same profit as 2015 =($410,000+$210000)/$16 =38750 units Recommendations The proposed offer should not be accepted in short term as it will make a significant reduction in profits. References Birt, Jacqueline, Keryn Chalmers, Suzanne Maloney, Albie Brooks, Judy Oliver. Accounting: Business reporting for decision making including iStudy, 5th Edition. John Wiley Sons Australia, 2014 Hung, Wei-Ting, Jui-Kuo Shang, and Fei-Ching Wang. "Exploring the Determinants of Hotel Occupancy Rate: A Dynamic Panel Data Approach."Abstract of Economic, Finance and Management Outlook3 (2015): 1-4. Oladinrin, Olugbenga T., and Christabel MF Ho. "Critical enablers for codes of ethics implementation in construction organizations."Journal of Management in Engineering32.1 (2015): 04015023. Psaros, Jim, and Michael Seamer. "Ranking Corporate Governance of Australia's Top Companies: A Decade On."Australian Accounting Review25.4 (2015): 405-412. Hung, Wei-Ting, Jui-Kuo Shang, and Fei-Ching Wang. "Exploring the Determinants of Hotel Occupancy Rate: A Dynamic Panel Data Approach."Abstract of Economic, Finance and Management Outlook3 (2015): 1-4. Birt, Jacqueline, Keryn Chalmers, Suzanne Maloney, Albie Brooks, Judy Oliver. Accounting: Business reporting for decision making including iStudy, 5th Edition. John Wiley Sons Australia, 2014 Oladinrin, Olugbenga T., and Christabel MF Ho. "Critical enablers for codes of ethics implementation in construction organizations."Journal of Management in Engineering32.1 (2015): 04015023. Psaros, Jim, and Michael Seamer. "Ranking Corporate Governance of Australia's Top Companies: A Decade On."Australian Accounting Review25.4 (2015): 405-412. Birt, Jacqueline, Keryn Chalmers, Suzanne Maloney, Albie Brooks, Judy Oliver. Accounting: Business reporting for decision making including iStudy, 5th Edition. John Wiley Sons Australia, 2014